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Trandruk Monastery
Trandruk Monastery (Changzhu Monastery) is one of the oldest Buddhist monasteries in Tibet and an important cultural attraction in the Yarlung Valley. Located on the eastern bank of the Yarlung River, south of Tsetang in Shannan Prefecture, the monastery is closely connected with the early development of Tibetan Buddhism and the history of the Tibetan Empire.
The name “Trandruk” comes from two Tibetan words: “Tran” meaning roc (a mythical giant bird) and “Druk” meaning dragon. According to legend, the monastery could only be built after Songtsen Gampo, the founder of the Tibetan Empire, transformed into a roc and defeated an evil dragon. This legend reflects the deep connection between Tibetan Buddhism, mythology, and local culture.
Built during the reign of King Songtsen Gampo (7th century), Trandruk Monastery was later expanded by Juequjian. It is believed that Princess Wencheng of the Tang Dynasty once stayed here and practiced Buddhism, leaving behind precious religious relics. Over the centuries, the monastery became a sacred site visited by many important figures in Tibetan Buddhism, including Padmasambhava (Guru Rinpoche) and Milarepa, who are said to have practiced meditation in the surrounding area.
Originally associated with the early Buddhist tradition in Tibet, Trandruk Monastery was later converted into a monastery of the Gelugpa Sect, one of the major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. It underwent several large-scale renovations, including restoration work during the time of the Fifth Dalai Lama and further improvements under the Thirteenth Dalai Lama. A golden roof was also added during the restoration process, enhancing the monastery’s distinctive appearance.
One of the monastery’s most valuable treasures is the famous Pearl Thangka of Chenrezig (Avalokiteshvara, the Bodhisattva of Compassion). This extraordinary artwork is considered a masterpiece of Tibetan Buddhist art. Measuring about 2 meters long and 1.2 meters wide, it is decorated with 29,026 pearls, as well as diamonds, rubies, sapphires, turquoise, amber, coral, and gold. The Thangka is traditionally believed to have been brought by Princess Wencheng and remains the most treasured artifact in Trandruk Monastery.
The architectural layout of the monastery’s main hall is similar to that of the Jokhang Temple in Lhasa. In the past, the monastery housed ancient murals and statues depicting important historical figures such as Songtsen Gampo, Princess Wencheng, Nepalese Princess Bhrikuti, and the Tibetan minister Gar Tongtsen. Although many historical relics were lost over time, the monastery has been carefully restored and continues to preserve its religious heritage.
Today, Trandruk Monastery attracts pilgrims and travelers from around the world with its rich history, unique Tibetan Buddhist art, and spiritual atmosphere. As one of Tibet’s earliest Buddhist monasteries, it is listed among China’s national key cultural heritage sites under special protection.
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